{"id":2422,"date":"2022-12-28T11:12:33","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T11:12:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/materiali\/keramichni-materiali\/"},"modified":"2024-10-11T14:13:43","modified_gmt":"2024-10-11T14:13:43","slug":"ceramic-materials","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/materials\/ceramic-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Ceramic materials"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2422\" class=\"elementor elementor-2422 elementor-110\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9083dcf elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9083dcf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2bbed58\" data-id=\"2bbed58\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea834ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ea834ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"442\" height=\"254\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Keramichni-materiali-Jic-bas-bg.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2150\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Keramichni-materiali-Jic-bas-bg.png 442w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Keramichni-materiali-Jic-bas-bg-300x172.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5698cb2\" data-id=\"5698cb2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ce98d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ce98d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ceramic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2b0e62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2b0e62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>New materials were obtained from iron-rich waste raw materials from metallurgical industries, quartz sand and flux.<br \/>The materials are well-sintered glass-ceramics with an attractive self-glazed surface and very low density, high porosity refractory foams of 85\u201390 vol. %. %.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9580b2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9580b2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Three-dimensional computed microtomography of sintered foam.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c33dbfe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c33dbfe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c7892b5\" data-id=\"c7892b5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-522c407 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"522c407\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ipc.bas.bg\/page\/en\/home.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Physical Chemistry - BAS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-762f802 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"762f802\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-543ba25\" data-id=\"543ba25\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b86a5f3 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-block-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"b86a5f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:karama@ipc.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:karama@ipc.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tkarama@ipc.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b3197b4 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b3197b4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-798b2e9\" data-id=\"798b2e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38afd7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"38afd7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"797\" height=\"662\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/method-obtaining-products-3D-printing-IGIC.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6196\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/method-obtaining-products-3D-printing-IGIC.png 797w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/method-obtaining-products-3D-printing-IGIC-300x249.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/method-obtaining-products-3D-printing-IGIC-768x638.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 797px) 100vw, 797px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-237d56c\" data-id=\"237d56c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bcafe0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1bcafe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ceramic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57c4b0d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"57c4b0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry &#8211; BAS presents a <b> method for obtaining refractory mullite ceramic products using 3D printing<\/b>.<br \/>The technology of 3D DLP ceramic printing is a layer-by-layer construction of a massive volumetric sample, through controlled polymerization in certain areas, by UV light illumination of a photosensitive composite material in liquid form containing 50-60 wt.% purified natural kaolin, photopolymerizing resin and special supplements. The resulting printed sample is subjected to sintering in an electric furnace, during which the organic component is separated and the kaolin is converted into the mullite phase. Mullite ceramics belong to the group of refractory ceramics and heat-resistant ceramics can be made from it.<br \/>The method is suitable and practically has no analogue for creating some complex forms that are impossible to realize by classical methods and technologies. Widely available and cheap natural raw materials are used for its production, which facilitates and reduces the risk of production.  <br \/>The technology can be used and applied in all enterprises and branches of the ceramic industry, as independent or duplicating the classic technologies for making refractory ceramic products. This would make ceramic enterprises more flexible and competitive in the market. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d51be6c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d51be6c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5d9286d\" data-id=\"5d9286d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d6f522 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9d6f522\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.igic.bas.bg\/en\/home-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry - BAS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f2d2630 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f2d2630\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c56587\" data-id=\"1c56587\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d09b587 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-block-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"d09b587\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ceramic materials New materials were obtained from iron-rich waste raw materials from metallurgical industries, quartz sand and flux.The materials are well-sintered glass-ceramics with an attractive self-glazed surface and very low density, high porosity refractory foams of 85\u201390 vol. %. %. Three-dimensional computed microtomography of sintered foam. Institute of Physical Chemistry &#8211; BAS Contact: karama@ipc.bas.bg Ceramic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2306,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2422","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2422"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6443,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2422\/revisions\/6443"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}