{"id":2427,"date":"2022-12-28T11:13:11","date_gmt":"2022-12-28T11:13:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/materiali\/neorganichni-materiali\/"},"modified":"2025-09-29T15:34:04","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T15:34:04","slug":"inorganic-materials","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/materials\/inorganic-materials\/","title":{"rendered":"Inorganic materials"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2427\" class=\"elementor elementor-2427 elementor-112\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f587426 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f587426\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e716f1\" data-id=\"1e716f1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac17008 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ac17008\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"396\" height=\"275\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Neorganichni-materiali-Jic-bas-bg.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2149\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Neorganichni-materiali-Jic-bas-bg.png 396w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Neorganichni-materiali-Jic-bas-bg-300x208.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0bcc6f7\" data-id=\"0bcc6f7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dffbf4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dffbf4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2524b5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2524b5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An iron cyclosilicate with the highest Si\/\/Fe ratio (6) and the lowest crystal lattice density (17.44 FC) compared to the known iron silicates was obtained. Its structure is similar to that of the mineral imandrite, but it has significantly higher thermal stability (over 900\u00b0C).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fe33b4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fe33b4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d503c8\" data-id=\"1d503c8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-567cec0 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"567cec0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/imc.bas.bg\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography - BAS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-749c8f5 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"749c8f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:rosica.pn@clmc.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:rosica.pn@clmc.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\trosica.pn@clmc.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ad2f3f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ad2f3f3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-afd1e5f\" data-id=\"afd1e5f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e55465c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e55465c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae3561a elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae3561a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f5eb8e\" data-id=\"6f5eb8e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e097744 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e097744\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"954\" height=\"323\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Picture7.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2194\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Picture7.png 954w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Picture7-300x102.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Picture7-768x260.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 954px) 100vw, 954px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fcbee4e\" data-id=\"fcbee4e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d249439 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d249439\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e076679 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e076679\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Efficient catalytic materials have been developed for the production of pure hydrogen by copper oxide promotion of materials containing CeO 2 deposited on Al 2 O 3 with a highly developed surface. The study of the relationship between the activity and the structural, electronic and reduction properties shows that the Cu 2+ \u2013Ovacancy\u2013Ce 3+ \/or Y 3+ interaction plays a crucial role in the reactive ability. The catalysts are resistant to deactivation over a 30 hours operating period, which makes them promising systems for obtaining ecologically clean fuel &#8211; a new type of efficient, stable and economically competitive copper catalysts for obtaining pure hydrogen with application in fuel cells and hydrogen energy production.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4dc432f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4dc432f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e4a37a\" data-id=\"7e4a37a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f18a018 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"f18a018\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/ic.bas.bg\/en\/home\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Catalysis - BAS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19e7a72 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"19e7a72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:tabakova@ic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:tabakova@ic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\trtabakova@ic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8c1b62f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8c1b62f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b6daf04\" data-id=\"b6daf04\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-499086e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"499086e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-799dad8 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"799dad8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-24e662c\" data-id=\"24e662c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b48ca0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5b48ca0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"4207\" height=\"3467\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6031\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC.png 4207w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC-300x247.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC-1024x844.png 1024w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC-768x633.png 768w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC-1536x1266.png 1536w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/complex-catalyst-IGIC-2048x1688.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4207px) 100vw, 4207px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e26160\" data-id=\"7e26160\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98874f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"98874f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b51740a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b51740a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A complex catalyst with high activity and long-term stability for the oxidation of toluene, propene, propane, butane, hexane, dimethyl ether and CO at temperatures 100 &#8211; 350 \u00b0C was created. The catalyst has an innovative &#8220;eggshell&#8221; design, where the active phase, which is a composite of reduced graphene oxide and Pd-nanoparticles, is deposited on a ceramic support by means of aluminum hydrogel. Maximum catalytic activity was achieved at a ratio of Pd\/PdO =1. Due to the specific morphology of the catalyst surface, processes occur that lead to the reoxidation of palladium metal to nanosized PdO. The new complex catalyst is resistant to the presence of water vapor and sulfur dioxide in the gas mixture and with the possibility of full regeneration and high reaction speed.    <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3f66942 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3f66942\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7a71c9e\" data-id=\"7a71c9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce7b871 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ce7b871\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.igic.bas.bg\/en\/home-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute Of General And Inorganic Chemistry - BAS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a53ab42 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"a53ab42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6a2fb9b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6a2fb9b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-663b819\" data-id=\"663b819\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eb1766 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3eb1766\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6906113 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6906113\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e3583c\" data-id=\"7e3583c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b15185 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3b15185\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"249\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/mesoporous-silica-rice-husks-IOCCP.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6052\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/mesoporous-silica-rice-husks-IOCCP.png 940w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/mesoporous-silica-rice-husks-IOCCP-300x79.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/mesoporous-silica-rice-husks-IOCCP-768x203.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f5964f\" data-id=\"3f5964f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9172f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c9172f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253747a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"253747a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A team from IOCCP-BAS, together with a team from IP-BAS have obtained mesoporous silica from rice husks using an original, more ecological and more economically advantageous method. The resulting material has a high specific surface area, large pore volume, and pores with a narrow size distribution where mesopores are ~90% of the total pore volume. The material is characterized by a dominant worm-like mesoporosity.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4518195 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4518195\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-970c21e\" data-id=\"970c21e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b15793 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4b15793\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.orgchm.bas.bg\/EN\/index_en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b39f4ed elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"b39f4ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-107107c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"107107c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e9f6c60\" data-id=\"e9f6c60\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81a10cf elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"81a10cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c70b199 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c70b199\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e353ae6\" data-id=\"e353ae6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aef2991 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"aef2991\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"646\" height=\"573\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/materials-disposal-greenhouse-gases-IGIC.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6175\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/materials-disposal-greenhouse-gases-IGIC.png 646w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/materials-disposal-greenhouse-gases-IGIC-300x266.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c2f5f51\" data-id=\"c2f5f51\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c9272c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0c9272c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a44d90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a44d90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Scientists from the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry at BAS and HTMU have developed materials that are applicable in the field of environmental protection, more specifically related to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions:<br \/>\u2022 Catalysts for reducing methane emissions;<br \/>\u2022 CO2 absorption materials.<br \/>An advantage of the proposed developments is their increased adaptability to specific problems in protecting the purity of atmospheric air from various industrial sources of pollution generating emissions of methane and carbon dioxide. Through their application, a combined effect is achieved \u2013 (1) recycling of waste product and (2) reduced emissions of greenhouse gases.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-164caea elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"164caea\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-808bf9b\" data-id=\"808bf9b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5340b38 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5340b38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.igic.bas.bg\/en\/home-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute Of General And Inorganic Chemistry - BAS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d85491 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0d85491\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/uctm.edu\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83484aa elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"83484aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fdab8d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fdab8d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5717a3b\" data-id=\"5717a3b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a9e306 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1a9e306\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a196a7a elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a196a7a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e51a94\" data-id=\"6e51a94\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-324f37f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"324f37f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"275\" height=\"183\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/nitrogen-fertilizer-IMC.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-6237\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-95a5399\" data-id=\"95a5399\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0225434 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0225434\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cbd508b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cbd508b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography &#8220;Acad. Ivan Kostov&#8221; at BAS presents a method for developing nitrogen fertilizer with reduced nitrogen loss.  <br \/>This technology produces a compound that significantly reduces nitrogen loss in the form of ammonia and nitrogen oxides compared to existing solutions. The fertilizer has a balanced bioelement composition, allowing it to be used both as a standalone fertilizer and in combination with other fertilizer formulations. It offers good physical and mechanical properties and storage stability.   <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4df5a70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4df5a70\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-12b8852\" data-id=\"12b8852\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b905c4 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7b905c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/imc.bas.bg\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute Of Mineralogy And Crystallography \"Akad. Ivan Kostov\" - BAS <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c9c606 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"7c9c606\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6298a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6298a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-063273b\" data-id=\"063273b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1937db5 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1937db5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-57c7293 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"57c7293\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d8a0d2\" data-id=\"6d8a0d2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d91fea elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d91fea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"433\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Pure-Zinc-Oxide-Films-with-Special-Properties-for-Position-Sensitive-Photodetectors.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7958\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Pure-Zinc-Oxide-Films-with-Special-Properties-for-Position-Sensitive-Photodetectors.png 433w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Pure-Zinc-Oxide-Films-with-Special-Properties-for-Position-Sensitive-Photodetectors-300x296.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 433px) 100vw, 433px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-843a630\" data-id=\"843a630\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a39a6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9a39a6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-805f533 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"805f533\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pure Zinc Oxide Films with Special Properties for Position-Sensitive Photodetectors<\/p>\n<p>The development of thin, transparent films of pure zinc oxide (ZnO) with special properties required for the creation of position-sensitive photodetectors with high optical transmission in the visible region of the spectrum (92%), which meets the requirements for the future application of these layers in the creation of position-sensitive photodetectors operating on the basis of the lateral photoeffect was carried out at the Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Systems.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-735d36d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"735d36d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-324ff18\" data-id=\"324ff18\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7b18f4 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e7b18f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iees.bas.bg\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Sytems<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b63922c elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"b63922c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c574cbe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c574cbe\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55c03f6\" data-id=\"55c03f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d19d55 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"3d19d55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-32b9fc0 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"32b9fc0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9a6ade\" data-id=\"b9a6ade\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecd652c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ecd652c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1160\" height=\"311\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Research-on-the-mineralogy-and-geochemistry-of-tungsten-in-exogenous-conditions.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7964\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Research-on-the-mineralogy-and-geochemistry-of-tungsten-in-exogenous-conditions.png 1160w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Research-on-the-mineralogy-and-geochemistry-of-tungsten-in-exogenous-conditions-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Research-on-the-mineralogy-and-geochemistry-of-tungsten-in-exogenous-conditions-1024x275.png 1024w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Research-on-the-mineralogy-and-geochemistry-of-tungsten-in-exogenous-conditions-768x206.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8cf797b\" data-id=\"8cf797b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f66d0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f66d0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54ec938 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"54ec938\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Research on the mineralogy and geochemistry of tungsten in exogenous conditions for environmental protection and obtaining W\u2013Fe oxide pyrochlores<\/p>\n<p>A study of the mineralogy and geochemistry of tungsten in exogenous conditions, which can be used for environmental protection purposes and obtaining W\u2013Fe oxide pyrochlores with a wide range of applications, was carried out at the Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography. The conditions and mechanism of crystallization of W\u2013Fe oxide minerals with a pyrochlore-type structure are shown. It has been proven that the crystallization of W\u2013Fe pyrochlores is effectively carried out according to the metasomatic replacement scheme, while at the same time the direct crystallization of these phases from aqueous solutions does not occur \u2013 highly disordered amorphous gels are formed.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7203e47 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7203e47\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-120638b\" data-id=\"120638b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0ae799 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d0ae799\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/imc.bas.bg\/en-us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd296c1 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"cd296c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cb41166 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cb41166\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d80add\" data-id=\"7d80add\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92cff04 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"92cff04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-de8c3b6 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"de8c3b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-91305a1\" data-id=\"91305a1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef85094 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ef85094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"593\" height=\"779\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Construction-mortars-with-thermally-activated-zeolite.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7970\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Construction-mortars-with-thermally-activated-zeolite.png 593w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Construction-mortars-with-thermally-activated-zeolite-228x300.png 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9704c5d\" data-id=\"9704c5d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d6773e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8d6773e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8acf352 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8acf352\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Construction mortars with thermally activated zeolite<\/p>\n<p>The Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography has developed hardened construction mortars based on white Portland cement and river sand, replacing part of the traditionally used cement with 10 weight percent thermally activated natural zeolite. The inclusion of zeolite increases the amount of pores by about 40%, and the measured strengths are also higher by over 13%. With continuous contact with water from the 28th to the 120th day, the amount of pores decreases by about 10%, and the compressive strength increases by nearly 15%, respectively, which gives reason to claim that replacing part of the cement with zeolite improves the resistance of the studied construction mortars against aggressive atmospheric influences.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c05d218 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c05d218\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-12720ab\" data-id=\"12720ab\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1eee9c6 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1eee9c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/imc.bas.bg\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19a7e2e elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"19a7e2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-82b9d8a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"82b9d8a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5580d39\" data-id=\"5580d39\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cfa933 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"4cfa933\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-661284a elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"661284a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ef14a9d\" data-id=\"ef14a9d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3db70b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d3db70b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1116\" height=\"346\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luminescent-materials-for-conversion-of-UV-to-visible-light.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7975\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luminescent-materials-for-conversion-of-UV-to-visible-light.png 1116w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luminescent-materials-for-conversion-of-UV-to-visible-light-300x93.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luminescent-materials-for-conversion-of-UV-to-visible-light-1024x317.png 1024w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Luminescent-materials-for-conversion-of-UV-to-visible-light-768x238.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1116px) 100vw, 1116px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-80caff7\" data-id=\"80caff7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7fd01e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a7fd01e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30e89a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30e89a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Luminescent materials for conversion of UV to visible light<\/p>\n<p>The Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry has developed luminescent materials for efficient conversion of UV to visible light via the antenna effect by selecting ligands-chromophores in lanthanide complexes. Evaluation of all competing photophysical processes and prediction of the mechanism of absorption, transfer and relaxation of energy in lanthanide (Eu<sup>3+<\/sup>, Sm<sup>3+<\/sup>) complexes with dithiocarbamate ligands and phenanthroline by combining innovative experimental analytical methods and theoretical approaches. The approach to establish the mechanism of energy transfer in the excited state and the key factors controlling the optical properties and effective luminescence would help the targeted synthesis of new heteroligand lanthanide materials with desired properties for a given application.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-437643a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"437643a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0dfd5af\" data-id=\"0dfd5af\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61bd329 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"61bd329\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.igic.bas.bg\/en\/home-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Institute Of General And Inorganic Chemistry<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fd2f90 elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"7fd2f90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c153db2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c153db2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-00566d5\" data-id=\"00566d5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57fa4f2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"57fa4f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d369110 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d369110\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fbf1c7\" data-id=\"7fbf1c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88f0c44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"88f0c44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1196\" height=\"537\" src=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Coating-combining-high-hardness-and-deformation-resistance-with-low-friction-coefficient-and-wear-resistance.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-7982\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Coating-combining-high-hardness-and-deformation-resistance-with-low-friction-coefficient-and-wear-resistance.png 1196w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Coating-combining-high-hardness-and-deformation-resistance-with-low-friction-coefficient-and-wear-resistance-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Coating-combining-high-hardness-and-deformation-resistance-with-low-friction-coefficient-and-wear-resistance-1024x460.png 1024w, https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Coating-combining-high-hardness-and-deformation-resistance-with-low-friction-coefficient-and-wear-resistance-768x345.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1196px) 100vw, 1196px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0b7da6\" data-id=\"c0b7da6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3adeaae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3adeaae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inorganic materials<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16645dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16645dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Coating combining high hardness and deformation resistance with low friction coefficient and wear resistance<\/p>\n<p>Development of a coating obtained using low-temperature technology Cr\/CrN\/CrTiN\/CrTiAlN, which combines high hardness and deformation resistance with low friction coefficient and wear resistance, was carried out by a team at the Laboratory of Applied Physics. The properties of the coating make it suitable for industrial applications. The technology was developed for coatings intended for industrial applications on materials with temperature resistance up to 300 <sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C, but despite the low temperature are characterized by high hardness &#8211; 34.1 GPa, which is usually achieved at application temperatures of the order of 500 <sup>\u00b0<\/sup>C. At the same time, it has high resistance to elastic and plastic deformation and very good adhesion-cohesion properties.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a734f31 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a734f31\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c70b99\" data-id=\"7c70b99\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03be21b elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"03be21b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bas.bg\/?page_id=24285&#038;lang=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Central Laboratory of Applied Physics<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a96199a elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-square elementor-position-inline-start elementor-mobile-position-block-start elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-box\" data-id=\"a96199a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" class=\"elementor-icon\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Contact:\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-icon-box-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:office@jic.bas.bg\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tContact:\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-icon-box-description\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\toffice@jic.bas.bg\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9a5d4c7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9a5d4c7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a45d43c\" data-id=\"a45d43c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2d0abf elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c2d0abf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inorganic materials An iron cyclosilicate with the highest Si\/\/Fe ratio (6) and the lowest crystal lattice density (17.44 FC) compared to the known iron silicates was obtained. Its structure is similar to that of the mineral imandrite, but it has significantly higher thermal stability (over 900\u00b0C). Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography &#8211; BAS Contact: rosica.pn@clmc.bas.bg [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2306,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2427","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2427"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7986,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2427\/revisions\/7986"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jic.bas.bg\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}